真假珍珠辨識術與日常珍珠保養

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Gemstone Knowledge - Must-Knows in the World of Fine Jewelry

Freshwater pearls? Saltwater pearls?

What sets baroque pearls apart? (Part One)

Olivia - September 9, 2019

Let's begin with the formation of natural pearls. When a mollusk senses foreign objects invading its shell, it secretes layers of nacre to encapsulate the intruders, reducing discomfort and gradually forming what we know as "pearls."

Truly natural pearls are exceptionally rare, with perhaps one natural pearl found among fifteen thousand mollusks.

Today, regardless of their price, all pearls are cultivated through artificial techniques.

▎The term "natural pearls" commonly used in the market usually refers to cultured pearls.

The often-heard "cultured pearls" refer to pearls that are artificially cultivated.

Depending on the species of mollusk, as well as the cultivation methods and environment, pearls have different names and prices. Many people mistakenly believe that cultured pearls are fake pearls, but in reality, cultured pearls, like natural pearls, are products of pearls enveloping foreign objects. The difference lies in whether this foreign object that causes the formation of pearls is accidental or intentional.

Natural pearls are not afraid of water, but it's best not to wear them while bathing.

Pearls are mostly composed of calcium carbonate and are highly sensitive to acidity and alkalinity. Therefore, we advise customers not to wear pearls while bathing, not because they're afraid of water (after all, pearls grow in water), but because the ingredients in detergents or cosmetics can erode calcium carbonate, causing natural pearls to lose their luster.

▎Freshwater Pearls

The most common type of freshwater pearls that people encounter are often produced through non-nucleated cultivation techniques. Because they lack a nucleus (a shape on which pearls can grow), freshwater pearls tend to grow more freely. A single freshwater pearl mussel can produce 10 to 60 pearls, which are typically rice-shaped, oval, or slightly flattened. Truly round pearls are rare, with only 1 or 2 of higher-grade and valuable pearls typically found among 100 freshwater pearls.

▎China Produces Over 90% of the World's Pearl Output

The industry of pearl cultivation originated in Japan, where it has a long and renowned history. With the proliferation of pearl cultivation and the increasing market demand, more efficient and large-scale cultivation methods have been continuously innovated in China. Today, the majority of cultured pearls available in the market come from China. It's important to caution enthusiasts of authentic Japanese pearls to be careful not to inadvertently purchase pearls from Japan that have been rebranded as "overwater" and are consequently priced much higher.

OYJ recommends freshwater pearl products.